拥挤理论在超市结算区人群管理中的应用

通过确定超市结算区人体平均投影面积,给出了结算区最大容许人数。利用拥挤理论,根据不同时段下的人群到达率,得出了收款台最低开放台数,并据此对结算区内人群聚集风险进行了分析。在综合考虑结算区的最大容许人数、人群可忍受的平均等候时间及机器利用率的基础上,确定了各时段的收款台最佳开放数。从超市的自身效益、购物环境和聚集人群安全性出发,针对超市结算区的人群聚集风险提出了可行的减缓措施。

Application of Congestion Theory in the Crowd Management of Supermarket Accounting Area

By defined the mean body projection of crowd at the casher area, counted the maximum permitted number. According to the arrival ratios of different times, calculated the minimum cashers, and analyzed the risk of the crowd. Based on the maximum permitted numbers, the mean tolerable waiting time and the effective of the cashers, calculated the suitable number of casher windows. Some advices were proposed to enhance the efficiency of the casher area, so as to improve the profits of the supermarket, the surroundings of the consumption and the safety of the crowded customers.