中国台湾的女孩生存问题及其公共政策治理

通过网络、国际会议、期刊等媒介搜集相关资料,首先对中国台湾省的女孩生存问题的态势和原因进行了梳理,发现台湾的女孩生存问题主要由出生性别比反映出来,呈现出总体上升趋势,但主要在略高于正常值的范围内波动;导致台湾女孩生存问题的原因包括根源性原因、条件性原因和直接原因。其次对台湾在女孩生存问题方面的公共政策治理措施及其效果进行了分析,发现台湾不仅采取了针对女孩生存问题的直接措施,也采取了促进妇女发展的间接措施,涉及到法律、政治、经济、人口、文化等各个领域,并建立了确保治理措施付诸于实施的运行机制。这些公共政策治理措施虽然在短期内并没有改变台湾女孩生存问题的现状,但对于提高妇女地位、促进妇女发展产生了一定的积极影响。最后借鉴台湾针对女孩生存问题治理的经验和教训,立足于大陆女孩生存问题及其治理的特点,分别从战略和操作化两个层次为大陆地区女孩生存问题的治理提出了政策建议。

Girl Child Survival and its' Public Policy Governance in Taiwan of China

Based on the second-hand materials collected from internet, international symposiums and journals, this paper firstly tires to review the situations, trends and determinants of girl child survival in Taiwan of China. This is embodied by the abnormal Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) with total increase trend which fluctuated within a scope with a little bit higher than normal value. Also the determinants include fundamental, conditional and proximal causes. Secondly, this paper analyzes the public policy governance in Taiwan for girl child survival and its effects, which showes that in order to resolve girl child survival issues Taiwan has taken not only some direct countermeasures but also indirect countermeasures, involving political, economic, population, and cultural domains, and even has established the mechanism for countermeasures' operation, which have not changed the situations for girl child survival situations in a short term, but to some extent have made positive impacts on women's status increase and development. Finally, based on the traits of girl child survival in Taiwan and the governance of girl child survival in mainland of China, this paper offers some suggestions on public policy at both strategic and operational levels.