解读马克思、恩格斯的文化概念

本文以18、19世纪欧洲学术思想为背景,全面考察了马克思、恩格斯对“文化”概念的使用情况,发现:相对于当时的文化研究状况来说,马克思、恩格斯形成了“文化哲学”的缺席,合理的解释就是他们意识了到当时所谓文化研究的唯心主义倾向。但作为一种新历史哲学的创立者,马克思、恩格斯不可能忽视今天人们所说的种种文化现象,马克思、恩格斯对文化现象的研究是通过“文明”概念、“精神生产”与“精神生活”概念、“意识形态”概念,甚至还有“上层建筑”概念来进行的,这提示了马克思主义文化哲学构建的科学路径之所在。

The Cultural Connotations of Marx and Engels

The paper is based on the European academic thoughts in the 18th and 19th centuries and examines the cultural connotations of Marx and Engles. It is found that Marx and Engles formed their "Cultural Philosophy" in the then cultural research. The reasonable explanation is that they realized the Mentalist trend in cultural research at that time. However, as the founder of a new historic philosophy, Marx and Engles couldn't neglect different phenomena of today's topics. They studied culture by means of such concepts as civilization, spiritual production and life, ideology and superstructure, which just forms the scientific method of Marxist cultural philosophy.