法医物证DNA自动化检验技术体系的研究

目的建立自动化工作站同步提取不同种类涉案法医生物检材DNA的新方法。方法选用TECAN Freedom EVO100．4、75—2型自动化提取、加样工作站，采用磁珠法及Chelex-100法对各类涉案生物检材进行DNA提取、PCR扩增、毛细管电泳检测其STR分型，进行比较测试。在“全国公安机关DNA数据库应用系统”中建立并应用实验室信息管理系统（LIMS）模拟实施规范化DNA检案。结果1552份各类检材，采用工作站-磁珠法提取DNA效果最佳，STR检测成功率为95％，工作站-Chelex法为88％；二者分别与其手工提取法比较，成功率无明显差异。92个样本同期检测，自动化工作站较手工操作DNA检案时间可缩减1．25倍。结论工作站域珠法提取涉案检材DNA，可获得满意的STR分型结果。应用LIMS管控，可有效防控污染，明显提高检案效率及鉴定质量。

A study of automation workstation for the DNA extraction of forensic biological evidence

Objective To establish a new method of robotic DNA extraction for forensic casework samples.Methods All DNA samples were extracted by laboratory automation workstation in combination with magnetic bead protocol and Chelex-100,and then typed using the AmpF/STR Identifiler~ system and capillary electrophoresis unit.This study made some comparative tests.Laboratory information management system(LIMS) in DNA database was implemented.Results For all 1552 forensic casework samples,the DNA extraction effect with magnetic bead protocol was excellent,and the success rate of STR typing was 95%,which was higher than that with Chelex-100 method.There was no difference between automation workstations and manual method in success rate of extraction.But automation workstation could save much more time.Conclusion The DNA yield and quality with automation workstation were pretty good for STR typing.OMS can prevent the contamination of DNA and improve the efficiency and quality of DNA detection.