具有凶杀行为的抑郁症与精神分裂症患者的作案特征对比

目的探讨抑郁症与精神分裂症患者凶杀行为司法精神病学鉴定的作案特征。方法将具有凶杀行为的抑郁症(抑郁发作)患者为研究组,共40例;随机抽取具有凶杀行为的精神分裂症患者为对照组,共50例。自制调查表收集两组的一般人口学资料、作案特征等相关数据,并进行比较。结果研究组和对照组的年龄、接受教育时间、职业差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。与对照组相比,研究组被害对象多为子女和父母,在杀人后多有自杀行为(70%),凶杀原因以扩大性和间接性自杀为主,以往多有自杀未遂(85%)。研究组以限制刑事责任能力者为主(70%),对照组以无刑事责任能力者为主(56%)。除案发地点外,其他作案特征两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论抑郁症与精神分裂症患者凶杀行为司法精神病鉴定的作案特征存在不同,精神病司法鉴定中应需在鉴别诊断时加以考虑。

Comparison of Criminal Characteristics in Depression Patients and Schizophrenics with Homicide Behavior

Objective T o explore the crim inal characteristics of forensic psychiatry expertise in depression patients and schizophrenics w ith hom icide behavior. Methods A total of 40 depression (depressive episode) patients and 50 schizophrenics w ith hom icide behavior w ere random ly assigned into the study group and control group, respectively. D ata of dem ographic and crim inal characteristic of the tw o groups w ere collected by a self-designed questionnaire, and then w ere com pared. Results T here w ere no statis-tical differences in age, education level and career betw een study and control groups (P>0.05). C om pared w ith the control group, the victim s in the study group w ere m ainly the patient's children and parents, and m ost offenders had suicidal behavior after hom icide (70% ). In study group, the m otives of crim e w ere m ainly extended suicide and indirect suicide, and m ost offenders had attem pted suicide (85% ) and dim inished capacity of crim inal responsibility (70% ), w hich in control group had no capacity of crim inal responsibility (56% ). E xcept for crim inal site, there w ere statistical differences in other crim inal charac-teristics betw een tw o groups (P<0.05). Conclusion T here are different crim inal characteristics betw een de-pression patients and schizophrenics w ith hom icide behavior in forensic psychiatry, and these characteris-tics should be considered w hen these tw o diagnoses are distinguished in forensic psychiatry expertise.