辽宁清河、棋盘山两座水库中硅藻种群及数量变化规律的法医学研究

目的研究辽宁清河、棋盘山两座中小型水库中硅藻种群及数量可能存在的区域性和时间性差异,拟为法医相关检案明确死因、规范现场水样提取方法及正确分析落水地点提供科学依据。方法选择辽宁境内棋盘山秀湖和铁岭清河两座水库作为研究对象,2012年春季（5月）及夏季（8月）分别在水库最宽段从岸边向水库中心以一定间距设点取样,观察硅藻种群及数量的变化。结果硅藻数量由岸边向水库中心呈现最低-增多-最多-减少-稳定的变化趋势,岸边硅藻数量最少,近岸带硅藻数量达峰值,之后硅藻数量降低,经一段水域过渡之后在水库中心区域硅藻数量趋于稳定;同一观测点春季硅藻数量明显多于夏季;岸边及近岸带以羽纹纲硅藻为主,在过渡区域,中心纲硅藻与羽纹纲硅藻混杂出现,水库中心区域内中心纲硅藻占绝对优势。结论水库型静水水体中,硅藻种群和数量存在区域性及时间性差异,合理布点取水,对于比对和分析现场水样与死者脏器中硅藻种群及数量至关重要。

A forensic study on variation of species and quantity of diatom in reservoir

Objective To investigate variation of species and quantity of diatom in Xiu Lake and Qing He reservoir for ana- lyzing cause of death and determining drowning location.Methods Water in Xiu Lake and Qing He reservoir were sampled at dif- ferently spot and time in 2012,and then the diatoms were examined with microscope.Results The species and quantity of diatom in reservoir have varied with differently time and spot.The quantity of diatom near shore and in spring area was minimal.Pennate became dominant species near shore area and centricae became dominant species in the center of the reservoir.Conclusion The species and quantity of diatom in reservoir had complex variation which affected by various factors,we should analyze the results carefully in forensic identification.