Backsliding and Reversal: The J Curve Revisited |
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Authors: | David Carment Peter Tikuisis Rachael Calleja Mark Haichin |
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Affiliation: | Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada |
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Abstract: | In this article we argue that democratic transitions can reverse, oscillate, or simply stall. These transitions are exemplified in the different types of states we categorize. We construct a model of stability vs openness using three dimensions of stateness, namely authority, legitimacy, and capacity. With the additional application of a six-fold typology of states, we offer a robust analytical framework with which to identify and explain changes in state status. Our construct of stability and openness leads to a novel development of a global conflict damage index, which is built upon conflict risk, but considers a state’s capacity to deal with conflict. The paper concludes with implications for policy and the application of the model to conflict prediction when states under go transition. |
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Keywords: | Backsliding Conflict Democracy Development Early warning Fragile states Stability |
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