用ABC法鉴定眼镜蛇中毒死亡的实验研究

S-D 大白鼠皮下分别注射不同剂量的眼镜蛇粗毒,于死后不同时间取注射部位肌肉及肝、肾、心、肺等做冰冻切片和石蜡切片。用ABC 免疫组化法检测蛇毒,观察蛇毒的组织定位。在注射部位的骨骼肌内检出特异性染色的蛇毒。HE 染色各器官未见特征性改变。蛇毒量为2LD_(50) ,死亡24小时后取材仍有阳性反应。蛇毒多结合于注射部位的骨骼肌细胞膜上。注射11LD_(50) 的蛇毒后,发现肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞和肝细胞核上结合有蛇毒。家兔注射眼镜蛇毒或被眼镜蛇咬伤后,注射部位和咬伤部位肌肉中也可检出蛇毒。本实验首次使用ABC 免疫组化染色,取得了迄今为止直接在动物组织上对蛇毒定位检测的最好结果。

IDENTIFICATION OF DEATH CAUSED BY SNAKE BITING BY ABC-IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUE

Varying doses of cobra crude venom were injected subcutaneously into rats.Formaking frozen and methylaldehyde fixed,paraffin embeded sections,tissues blockswere taken from the injected site muscles,hearts,livers,spleens,lungs,kidneysand diaphragms either immediately,or 6,12,24hrs after death.Tissue sectionswere stained with and ABC-immunocytochemical techniques.On HE stained sections,edema,heamorrhage,congestion were observed.Coludyswelling,necrosis,and breakdown of cells were seen in most of the organs.Nospecific morphological changes has been found.On the frozen sections of the musc-les taken from the injected site,kidneys and livers,the venom has been identifiedby ABC-immunocytochemical staining.Although as little as 2LD_(50) (2mg/kg) venomwas given,it could be demonstrated on the membrane of the muscle even 24 hrs afterdeath.In case of large amount of venom (11LD_(50) ) poisoning,the venom was alsofound in nucleus of liver cells and in the endothelial cells of capillaries of renalglomeruli.The pathogenesie of localization of snake venom in endothelial cells ofrenal glomerular capillaries was discussed,there is No report about the localizationof snake venom in nucleus of liver cells It is a very interesting phenomenonIt is usggested that the ABC-immunocytochemical stain is a sensitive and specificmethodforid entifying sanke venom in tissues of snake biting victims.