美国性犯罪者登记制度的实证研究及反思

对性犯罪者进行登记是美国等西方国家普遍采用的用于遏制性犯罪的做法。但不少研究表明,性犯罪立法在控制性犯罪和减少再逮捕率方面并没有起明显作用,相反,性犯罪者登记制度给相当一部分性犯罪分子带来了诸多负面影响。关于性犯罪者登记制度需要进一步的研究,研究内容包括性犯罪者登记法是否能够减少性犯罪行为,谁来对登记程序进行监管,该制度对性犯罪者及其家庭的影响,以及实施登记法律的成本。

An Empirical Research on the Effect of Sex Offender Registry System in the USA and its Reflection

Sex offender registry system is one of the most common measures to control sexual crime. But re- cent researches in the USA conclude that the effectiveness of sex offender registration is not effective. Many studies show that there is no empirical evidence that such a system has had any observable influence on crime control and the reeducation of rearrests. On the contrary, sex offender registry system brings negative impact on offenders and their families, such as job loss, denial of promotion, loss of residence or denial of a place to bye, being treated rudely in public, being stigmatized and physically assaulted. More researches are needed on Sex offender registry system, including whether the laws reduce the number of new or recidivistic sexual assaults, who monitor the process of implementing a sex offender registry, the collateral consequences to the offenders and their families, and the costs of such laws.