《环境保护法》的前世今生

修订后的《中华人民共和国环境保护法》将于2015年1月1日开始实施,这部法律的前身是1979年《环境保护法（试行）》,基础是1989年颁行的《环境保护法》。1979年的《环境保护法（试行）》虽然不是此次修法的直接文本,但其作为中国第一部环境保护领域的综合性法律,在奠定中国环境保护法律制度体系基础的同时,也为后来留下了一些隐患,成为此次修法的争论的起因。1989年的《环境保护法》是此次修改的直接文本,这部法律的存废之争一直持续了20多年;在2011年年初人大常委会正式启动修法程序后,经历全国人大常委会四次审议、修改草案两次面向社会公开征求意见、从＂修正案＂到＂修订案＂,创造了中国立法史上几个＂第一＂。最终通过的《环境保护法修订案》体现了十八届三中全会提出的建设生态文明,建立最严格制度的要求,确立了其在环境保护领域的基础性、综合性法律的地位,在建立生态环境保护法律机制方面实现了重大突破。

The Past and Present of Environmental Protection Law

The revised ＂ Environmental Protection Law of the People＇s Republic of China＂ will be implemented on January 1,2015. The predecessor of this law is the 1979 ＂ Environmental Protection Law（ Trial） ＂,it takes the 1989 ＂ Environmental Protection Law＂ as the basis. Although it＇s not the direct object of this law revision,the ＂ Environmental Protection Law（ Trial） ＂ in 1979 is the first comprehensive law of China in the field of environmental protection. It established Chinese basic environmental protection legal system,at the same time,it also left some problems which lead to controversy in this law revision process. The 1989 ＂ Environmental Protection Law＂ is the direct object of this law revision. Dispute over the existence or abolishment of this law has continued for 20 years. After the NPC Standing Committee Officially launched legal modification program in early 2011,the revision of the law has gone through the following procedures： the NPC Standing Committee has experienced four deliberation,the draft of the revised is open to the public to solicit their opinions two times,the name of the modified law is from ＂ amendment＂ to ＂ revision＂,it has created several ＂ first＂ in Chinese legislative history. ＂ Revision to the Environmental Protection Law＂ embodies the requirements proposed by the Third Plenary Session of the eighteen,these requirement are that we must build an ecological civilization,establishing the strict system. It achieved a major breakthrough in the establishment of legal mechanism for ecological and environmental protection.