中国古代官吏的考核制度及其启示

在我国公务员管理制度中,公务员考核制度是核心。而中国古代官吏考核制度,经过秦汉两朝的发展,至唐宋明清时,已经走向了完备化,形成一套严密的组织系统、考核标准和对各类不同职务官吏提出不同需求、分类考核以及考核与奖惩相结合的方法,对奖勤罚懒、扬善排恶、激励官吏勤政廉洁,起到一定的积极作用。研究中国古代官吏考核制度,对完善我国公务员考核制度和今天的选人用人具有重要的意义。

Ancient Chinese Examination System for Officers and Its Enlightenment

The core of the administrative system of civil servants of our country is the examination system for civil servants. Through the improvement in Qin and Han Dynasties, the examination system for officers in Tang and Song Dynasties has already stood as a complete system with a tight organizational mechanism and strict examination standards. For good measure, it put forth different requirements for officers at different ranks, made specific examinations to match the different standards for officers, and linked punishments and awards to the results of exams. Hence, it played a positive role in rewarding the industrious and punishing the lazy, encouraging integrity and cracking down wrongdoings as well as spurring the officers on diligence and probity. The article believes that to probe into the ancient Chinese examination system for officers is significantly important for the enhancement of the examination system for civil servants and the appointment and use of talents in China.