理想主义、现实主义、自由主义与规范研究

规范和规范问题已成为国际政治研究的中心内容之一,在建构主义学者对其进行细致研究之前,理想主义、现实主义、自由主义都对其进行关注和研究。理想主义强调规范可以脱离权力而独立起作用;现实主义在着重强调权力与利益作用的同时,认为规范可以对权力起辅助作用甚至是次要作用;新自由制度主义将权力因素作为制度研究的参考条件,从功利主义的角度解释规范,不仅为建构主义的批评预留了空间,也为我们进一步的研究留下了思考。

Utopianism, Realism, Liberalism and the Study of Norms

Norms and the study of norms have always been one of the key issues of international politics.Besides modern constructivist scholars,some researchers of utopianism,realism and liberalism had studied norms.Utopianism researchers advocate that norms have functions independent of power;Realists think that power and interests play a key role in international politics while norms may just play subsidiary or secondary roles;neo-institutional liberalists make power the reference condition of institutional study,and study norms utilitarianly,which not only leave room for constructivist critics,but also leave us further thinking of norm studies.