民法典侵权责任编中机动车交通事故责任的完善

我国民法典侵权责任编应当对机动车交通事故责任的归责原则、构成要件和减免责事由作出规定,不应简单地援引《道路交通安全法》的规定。机动车发生交通事故,造成非机动车驾驶人、行人损害时,应当适用无过错责任。机动车交通事故责任的主体原则上为机动车的保有人,即对机动车的运行处于支配地位并享有因该机动车运行而产生的利益的民事主体。侵权责任编对于网约车交通事故责任应根据不同的情形做出规定,应当区分人身伤亡和财产损害,分别确定好意同乘时机动车使用人责任的减轻或者免除。

Advices on Improving Regulations of auto Liability in the Tort Law of China Civil Code

The principle of attribution,elements and regulations of exempting or reducing liability should be regulated directly in the tort law of China Civil Code,rather than in the way of quoting Road Traffic Safety Law. Strict liability should be adopted when traffic accidents happen and result in harm or injury to a non-vehicle driver or a pedestrian. The subject who are responsible for the accidents should be the custodians of automobile,who in fact are control the operation of that automobile and gain advantages from it. The liability of Online Car-Hailing services should be determined in accordance with different situations. The regulations of exempting or reducing liability in the lift with good intentions should differ in property damage and personal injury.