算法行政:社会信用体系治理范式及其法治化

大数据下的信用评级机制生成独立于数据本体的数字人格。数字资本主义利用算法控制来推动金融信用的产生与发展,进而监控资本主义利用私有化数字人格实施黑箱管控。我国基于数据驱动的社会信用体系属于数字技术公共基础设施,在矫正监控资本主义逐利偏差的同时,生成与法律强制下行政管理方式相并行的算法行政。算法行政作为全新的权力工具导致数字社会治理机制的范式转化,这对法治国的传统法律原则提出挑战。福柯的规训理论可以解释基于数字人格的权力运作以及社会信用体系的正当性,也能解构算法行政生成的自我规制型问责制,由此生成全新的数字行政法学。这为我国社会信用系统的法律规制提供新形态的学科支撑,也为该制度输出提供西方话语体系中的说服工具。

Algorithmic Governmentality:The Governance Paradigm of the Social Credit System and Its Legalization Normative Documents

The credit rating mechanism under big data generates digital personality independent of the data ontology.Digital capitalism uses algorithmic control to promote the generation and development of financial credit,and then monitors capitalism to use thedigital personalityof privatization to implement black box control.China’s data-driven social credit body belongs to the public infrastructure of digital technology.While rectifying the deviation of capitalist profit from monitoring,it also generates algorithmic administration in parallel with legally mandated administration.Algorithmic administration as a new power tool has led to a paradigm shift in the governance mechanism of the digital society,which challenges the traditional legal principles of a country governed by law.Foucault’sdisciplinetheory can explain the power operation based on digital personality and the legitimacy of the social credit system.It can also deconstruct theself-regulationaccountability system generated by algorithmic administration,thereby generating a new digital administrative law.This provides a new form of disciplinary support for the legal regulation of China’s social credit system,and also provides a persuasive tool in the Western discourse system for the output of this system.