非公经济产权之刑法保护:缺陷与改进

随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展与完善,全面而自由的市场竞争机制已成为社会经济发展的重要动力。然而,由于我国经济体制的特殊性,市场经济取代计划经济后,相应的法律制度并未随之修正,立法与司法对非公有制经济仍存在歧视性对待。司法实践中对非公经济财产处置乱象的问题仍然存在,并严重威胁非公经济主体的持续经营。从产权保护理论来讲,平等保护各经济主体的财产权利是消除"制度壁垒"的有效方式,应建立平等的犯罪构成要件以及合理的刑罚结构,明确界定涉案财物的范围,提升对非公有制财产权利的保护力度。规范司法工作人员的办案程序,依照法律规定的权限、程序处置涉案财物并建立相应的权利人申诉与救济措施,将平等保护原则贯穿于法律制定、实施的整个过程中,切实保障非公有制经济的合法产权,才能使社会主义经济良性发展。

Criminal Law Protection of Non-public Economy Property Rights:Defects and Improvements

With the continuous development and improvement of the socialist market economy,the comprehensive and free market competition mechanism has become an important driving force for social and economic development.However,due to the special nature of China’s economic system,after the market economy replaced the planned economy,the corresponding legal system have not been revised accordingly,and non-public ownership economies still have discriminatory treatment in legislation and justice.In the judicial practice,the problem of disorderly disposal of non-public economic property still exists,and it seriously threatens the continuous operation of non-public economic entities.From the perspective of property rights protection theory,equal protection of the property rights of all economic entities is an effective way to eliminate"institutional barriers",establish equal constitutive elements of crime and a reasonable penalty structure,clearly define the scope of property involved in the case,and promote the right to non-public property rights.Standardize the judicial procedures for judicial staff,dispose of the property involved in the case in accordance with the legally prescribed authority and procedures,and establish corresponding complaints and remedies for the right holders.The principle of equal protection should be applied throughout the entire process of law formulation and implementation to ensure the lawful property of the non-public economy.Only legal property rights can keep the socialist economy positive development.