1 601例盆腔炎性疾病及其后遗症患者中医证型分布特征

目的 探究盆腔炎性疾病（pelvic inflammatory disease，PID）和盆腔炎性疾病后遗症（sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease，SPID）患者中医证型分布特征。方法 以成都中医药大学附属医院为牵头单位，通过横断面调查，对全国17个省、自治区、直辖市的22家医院的1 601例PID和SPID患者（其中PID患者874例，SPID患者727例）的中医证候特征进行分析。结果 PID以湿热蕴结证（占40.96%）、湿热瘀结证（占30.32%）、瘀热内结证（占10.64%）、热毒炽盛证（占7.89%）为常见证型；盆腔炎性疾病反复发作急性期以湿热瘀结证（占22.39%）、气滞血瘀夹湿热证（占22.39%）为常见证型；SPID非急性加重期以湿热瘀结证（占38.52%）为常见证型；其中慢性盆腔疼痛、盆腔炎性疾病反复发作、不孕症以湿热瘀结证为常见证型。PID患者湿热蕴结证、湿热瘀结证在所有地区的分布频率均较高，瘀热内结证、热毒炽盛证在西南地区分布较多；SPID患者的证型中，西南、华中、华南地区以湿热瘀结证、气滞血瘀证较多见，气虚血瘀证在华中、西北地区分布频率较高，肾虚血瘀证在华东、华北地区分布频率较高，寒湿凝滞证在西北、东北地区分布较多；中医证型与地区分布的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 PID和SPID中医证型分布具有一定规律性，地区分布存在一定差异性，可为临床因地制宜地辨证治疗PID提供一定的参考依据。

Distribution and Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Types in Patients with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Its Sequelae: An Analysis of 1 601 Cases

Objective To investigate the distribution and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome types in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID).Methods With The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the leading unit,across-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the characteristics of TCM syndrome types among 1 601 patients (874 patients with PID and 727 with SPID)from 22 hospitals in 17 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Results For the patients with PID,common syndrome types were damp-heat accumulation syndrome (40.96%),damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome (30.32%),internal stasis and heat accumulation syndrome (10.64%),and heat toxin exuberance syndrome (7.89%). For the patients in the acute stage of recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease (RPID),damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome(22.39%) and Qi stagnation and blood stasis with damp-heat syndrome (22.39%) were common syndrome types, and for those with SPID (without acute exacerbation),damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome(38.52%) was the most common syndrome type.Damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome was a common syndrome type in chronic pelvic pain, RPID,and infertility.For patients with PID,damp-heat accumulation syndrome and damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome had a relatively high distribution frequency in all regions,while internal stasis and heat accumulation syndrome and heat toxin exuberance syndrome had a relatively high distribution frequency in Southwest China.For patients with SPID,damp-heat and blood stasis syndrome and Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome are common syndrome types in the Southwest China,Central China, and South China;Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome had a relatively high distribution frequency in Central China and Northwest China,syndrome of kidney deficiency and blood stasis had a relatively high distribution frequency in East China and North China,and cold-dampness stagnation syndrome had a relatively high distribution frequency in Northwest China and Northeast China.There were significant differences in regional distribution between TCM syndrome types (P<0.05).Conclusion There are certain rules in the distribution of TCM syndrome types in PID and SPID,with certain differences in regional distribution, which provides a reference for treatment in accordance with local conditions and syndrome differentiation-based treatment in clinical practice.