海南自由贸易港临时仲裁制度的建设研究

海南自贸港的仲裁机制应置于国际竞争中去考量。在海南自贸港中构建临时仲裁制度符合市场经济发展的规律和该制度自身发展的规律。尽管目前临时仲裁制度已在自贸区内有限开放,但临时仲裁制度在海南自贸港落地的障碍主要来自于我国仲裁机构的定位不合理,“三特定”的界限模糊,临时仲裁裁决的执行和认可缺乏规制,现有临时仲裁规则普适性的缺失。我国香港地区的临时仲裁的发展数据表明,成熟和强大的法律体系、临时仲裁的高度保密性、仲裁机构的有限介入和当事人的意思自治是该项制度迅速发展的重要原因,值得参考。海南自贸港在立法路径上可根据《立法法》对《仲裁法》第16条和第18条作出变通处理或者根据《立法法》对临时仲裁制度作出系统性的规定,并报全国人大常委会批准,应重新认识仲裁机构的促进性和服务性并高度尊重当事人的意思自治,还原临时仲裁的本质属性。

The Research on the Construction of Ad Hoc Arbitration in Hainan Free Trade Port

The arbitration mechanism of Hainan free trade port should be considered from the perspective of international competition.The construction of the ad hoc arbitration system in Hainan free trade port conforms to the law of the development of market economy and the law of its own development.Although the ad hoc arbitration system has been applied within limits in the free trade zone,the obstacles to the implementation of ad hoc arbitration in Hainan free trade port mainly come from the unreasonable positioning of China's arbitration institutions,the hazily defined boundary of“specific arbitrators,specific arbitration rules and specific place of arbitration”,the lack of regulation on the implementation and recognition of the ad hoc arbitration,and the lack of universality of the existing ad hoc arbitration rules.The development data of the ad hoc arbitration in Hong Kong shows that the mature and strong legal system,the high confidentiality of the ad hoc arbitration,the limited intervention of the arbitration institutions and the autonomy of the parties are the important reasons for the rapid development of the system.Therefore,Hainan free trade port can adapt Articles 16 and 18 of the Arbitration Law according to the Legislative Law,or make systematic provisions on the ad hoc arbitration system according to the Legislative Law,and report to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for approval.It should recognize the promotion and service of arbitration institutions,and highly respect the autonomy of the parties to restore the nature of ad hoc arbitration.