所有权主体在民法中的归依——对以所有制为基础的所有权形式的重新设计

先要澄清物权主体与所有权主体的概念范畴,依据我国立法,物权主体与所有权主体在外延上不是一致的,法人在我国可以成为他物权主体,但不能成为所有权主体。这种状况造成逻辑上的混乱。另外要澄清私人与自然人的概念,私人这个词不是严格的法律概念,因为它的内涵虽然意为“私”,但是“私”与“公”的比较从来是相对的,有一定参照前提的,法人中的成员相对于法人是“私”,法人是“公”;而法人相对与国家是“私”,所以用私人所有权取代自然人所有权不科学。应该根据民法的民事主体制度,打破原来的所有权“三分法”,建立新“三分法”。

Subject of Ownership in Civil Law System——Redesign the form of Ownership Right

The differences between subject of real right and subject of ownership must be clarified.According to the legislation,the subject of real right is not the same as that of ownership.Legal person can become the subject of real right but can not become the subject of ownership,which often leads to logical disorder.On the other hand,the concepts of private person and natural person also need to be clarified.Private person is not a legal term in the strict sense because "private" is relatively a counterpart to "public",which has certain kinds of prerequisites.The member of legal person can be"private" when confronted with legal person as a whole.Legal person can be "private" when confronted with a country.Therefore,it is not proper to replace the rights of natural persons with the rights of private persons.