论刑案侦查的思维特征

刑案侦查的思维特征是由刑案侦查的特殊性决定的。刑案侦查往往是由犯罪所造成的结果出发,剥茧似地追溯造成该结果之诸种原因(条件),进而再追溯制造这原一因的作案人,从而缉捕犯罪嫌疑人归案。而回溯推理正是以果推因,故回溯推理是刑案侦查最常用最重要的思维形式。刑案侦查之回溯推理有“充分条件式”、“必要条件式”、“充要条件式”、“二难破斥式”等。由于犯罪事件之间的关系有一果多因、一因多果、多果多因,故由果究因之回溯推理所得结论大都是或然的,然而,正是这连续的或然性逐步缩小侦查范围,确定侦查方向,锁定侦查目标,直至缉拿犯罪嫌疑人归案。

On the Thinking Characteristics in Criminal Investigation

The thinking characteristics of criminal investigation is decided by its peculiarity. The criminal investigation usually begins from thecrime result, going back to its reasons(conditions) in detail, finding the criminal and finally arrest criminals. However, recallable reasoning is animportant thinking way in criminal investigation. The recallable reasoning has many kinds of ways such as enough conditions, essential conditions,sound conditions and so on. Because there are relations between reasons and results of crime,the recallable reasoning will help inspectors to cutdown the investigated area, determine the direction, fix the aim and arrest the criminals.