现象学心理学的两种研究取向初探

现象学哲学对现代西方心理学产生了重要影响,但这种影响很难落实到心理学的具体研究层面.与此相比,以美国杜奎森大学的心理学家们为代表的现象学心理学却在这方面做出了突破.现象学心理学秉承现象学精神,关注生活世界,在具体研究中,形成了经验的和解释的两种取向.经验的研究取向主要以胡塞尔的现象学为哲学基础,而解释的研究取向则更多地基于解释学哲学,二者在研究思路和研究程序上都有着很大的不同.对于心理学而言,现象学心理学的两种研究取向提供了科学心理学之外的另一种研究途径,并且使得心理学更加真正地面向生活.

Two Dimensions of Research in Phenomenological Psychology

Modern western psychology faces the situation that it has been influenced heavily by the philosophy of phenomenology, whereas this influence was rarely embodied in the practice of psychological researches. In contrast, phenomenological psychology represented by Duquesne phenomenological psychological researches has made great progress in this embodiment. Phenomenological psychology concentrates on life-world with the spirit of phenomenology and has developed two dimensions of research: empirical and hermeneutical. The former is based mainly on the philosophy of Husserl and the latter the philosophy of hermeneutics. They have many differences in their research program and process. For psychology, phenomenological psychology provides another way to studying mind in addition to scientific psychology influenced mainly by positivism takes, and prompts psychology to face the real life world.