自然界是对象性的人——对人与自然之间伦理关系的再思考

在目前的生态伦理学研究中,人类中心主义和非人类中心主义围绕着“人与自然之间是否存在伦理关系”这一问题展开了激烈的争论。这种争论的一个误区是无不将自然理解为自然物,结果造成了生态伦理的形而上学危机。自然或自然界并不仅仅是自然物,它还是对象性的人,是人本身。据此,人与自然之间必然存在直接的伦理关系。此伦理关系表现为:人自身的异化必然导致人对自然恶和自然对人恶;扬弃自我异化,人与自然界完成本质统一,自然界便成为人的自然界,人亦成为自然界的守护神。

Nature is the Corresponding of Man--Rethinking the Ethical Relationship between Man and Nature

At the present research of ecology ethics,there is a furious disputation between human centralism and non-human centralism on "whether there exists ethic relationship between human and nature".One of the miscomprehensions concerns nature as natural object,and as comes a result of metaphysical crisis of ecology ethics.Nature is not only natural object,but also the corresponding man;moreover,it is the man himself.As such,there necessarily exists a direct ethical relationship between man and nature.The alienation of man must bring on the evil to nature and vice-versa.While discarding the alienation of man himself,fulfilling the essential integration of man and nature,nature will become nature of man,and man will be the patron saint of nature.