试论人权法的体系——以理论法学为视角

21世纪将是“人权”的世纪。与之相适应，人权法在整个法学体系中的地位亦将变得日益重要。人权法体系至少应包括人权的基本理论、人权的基本分类、人权的保障及国际人权交流等问题。人权分为应有人权、法定人权和实有人权。从严格意义来讲，集体人权包括一般社会群体权利和民族自由权。人权作为权利也需要实现，需要完善的保障机制，在目前的世界范围内，都通过“法律的人权”来保障人权的实现。使“应有的人权”通过“法律的人权”来达到“实在的人权”。而宪法作为最重要的法律历来就是人权的保障书，人权的保障和实现离不开宪法。人权保障又是宪法的核心，离开人权保障，宪法也就失去了存在的价值。

On Human Rights Act System --From the perspective of jurisprudence

The position of human rights act in the whole jurisprudence system will be increasingly important. The system of the human rights act should include the basic theory, classification, safeguard and international communication of human rights. Human rights need to realize and a perfect safeguard mechanism. Constitution, as the most important law, is the certificate of guarantee of human rights. Constitution will lose its values without the guarantee of human rights, the core of the constitution.