现代行政法上的指南、手册和裁量基准

本文以英国的"非正式规则"为参照系,结合我国实践和理论,逐一分析了指南、手册和裁量基准的效力、公开、制定主体和程序问题。指出它们对内因行政科层制而具有拘束力,对外呈现多样化的效力形态,应运用合法预期、"直接的权力因素检查"和相关考虑等理论,对其内容和条文逐个分析判断。它们提供了有益的裁量建构,只有公之于众,才能有效规范自由裁量。可以引入类似立法的程序予以控制,但要适度克制,避免其丧失灵活性。

Guide,Manual and Discretion Standard in Modern Administrative Law

This article analyses effect,making public and procedural issues surrounding guide,manual and discretion standard respectively by referring the UK’s "unofficial rules" and combining with domestic practice and theory.The conclusion can be drawn that they are legally binding inside and have diversified effect forms outside and that their contents and provisions should need to be analyzed and judged respectively by applying legitimacy anticipation,"direct power factors examination" and other considerations and other theories.They provide favorable discretion construction and can regulate administrative discretion only when making public.The similar legislative procedure can be introduced to control the discretion,whereas it should be restricted appropriately to avoid losing flexibility.