从国际法案例看岛屿主权理论变化及最新发展

关于岛屿主权归属问题,在国际法的发展中先后出现了不同的原则。最初,＂发现＂能主张完整的主权权利。紧接着,国际社会强调了对无主地的＂有效占领＂,单纯地＂发现＂只能产生初始权利。而当今国际实践表明,＂有效控制＂已成为裁判领土争端案件的重要依据。在双方对岛屿主权发生争议时,对岛屿进行更为有效控制的一方往往能获得主权。更进一步,＂持续而和平的展示主权所产生的权利可以优于之前已经确定了的权利＂。

The Changes and the Latest Development of the Theory of Sovereignty over Islands from the Aspect of International Law

Different principles have emerged during the development of international law,concerning the issue of sovereignty over islands.Firstly,discovery alone sufficed to establish a perfect title.Then,discovery,which endowed inchoate title only,had to be followed by an effective occupation in order to be recognized as the basis of a title to territory.Nowadays,the doctrine of effective control has become an important basis on which international judgments involving territorial disputes were given.In these disputes,one party which had exerted more control can always acquire the sovereignty.Further more,the continuous and peaceful display of territorial sovereignty shall prevail over a jus in re once lawfully acquired.