城市房屋拆迁运作方式的法律经济学评价及矫治

城市房屋拆迁运作方式包括协议拆迁和行政裁决两种。公共选择理论和市场失灵理论分别为我们提供了两种方式的法律经济学根据,由此得出的结论是两种运作方式是符合法律经济学视角下的"效率标准"的。我国房屋拆迁实践中的突出矛盾是,当拆迁人发现达成拆迁协议的成本远远大于申请行政裁决的成本时,其就想方设法去贿赂政府官员,优先选择行政裁决,不仅被拆迁人的利益受损,而且变相纵容了拆迁人进行违法拆迁和行政官员的腐败。为此,我们借助法律经济学方法,通过将房屋拆迁划分为商业目的拆迁和公益目的拆迁两类,进行不同的制度设计;为申请行政裁决设置一系列程序;给予当事人充分的司法救济等方式协调矛盾,完善房屋拆迁运作方式。

Evaluation and Correction of the Operation Way of Urban House Removal from the View of Law and Economics

The operation way of urban house removal includes removal agreement and administrative arbitration.The theory of public choice and the theory of market failure provide us two ways of law and economics foundations.From this we can conclude that the two operation ways are in accord with efficiency standard from the view of law and economics.In the practice of our country's house removal,the most obvious contradiction is that the house remover will try every means to bribe government officials and prefer to administrative arbitration.Therefore,it not only damages the interests of the owners of the removed houses,but also indulges the house remover's illegal removal and the government officials' corruption in disguised form.For this purpose,with the aid of law and economics methods,we will design different systems through dividing house removal into two types: removal for business purpose and removal for public interests;set up a series of procedures for applying for administrative arbitration;give the party concerned abundant judicial relieves and other ways to coordinate contradictions and perfect the operation ways of house removal.