濒危物种保护压力下的乡村发展困境——陕西朱鹮国家级保护区的例子

陕西朱鹮国家级保护区的调查与分析表明,保护优先原则绝对化与片面化的贯彻,不仅抑制了社区和当地人的发展,而且也降低了以此为基础的保护绩效。当地社区所采用的“参与式发展”模式,存在着体制和立法等与中国广大农村现实不能完全适应的问题。这些困境都有待于关注“本土化”的人类学进行深入研究。

The Dilemma of Village Development under the Pressure of Protecting the Species on the Verge of Extinction:A Case Study of the National Protection Zone for the Crested Ibis in Shanxi

The investigation and analysis of the national protection zone for the crested ibis in Shanxi reveals that the absolute and one-sided implementation of the principle of protection has not only hindered the local development but also weakened the protection itself which relies on the local communities and people.The "development model of participation" adopted by the local communities does not suit the actual situation of China's countryside due to the problems of the system and legislation,which awaits further anthropological studies with a focus on"localization".