区域安全竞争中的东亚区域主义——基于对欧洲/北美区域主义的比较分析

区域主义的启动和深化受区域内外安全环境的影响。欧洲区域主义的启动和深化与其内外安全环境之间呈正相关关系,因而它得以历经冷战而不衰,并在冷战后进一步强化。比较而言,北美区域主义的深化与其内外安全环境总体上都是负相关关系,因而北美区域主义至今基本上仍仅限于经济领域。与北美区域主义类似,东亚区域主义的深化与东亚区域内外安全环境也基本上是负相关关系,但不同的是,由于东亚区域的内部安全环境是竞争性的,因此东亚区域的共同体感觉虽然呈日益强化之势,但总体上说是脆弱的。东亚区域主义的深化不仅受区域内部安全竞争的挑战,还受到区域外部的竞争性安全环境———区域间大国和全球大国安全竞争———的制约。

East Asian Regionalism within the Context of Regional Security Competition:A Comparative Analysis with European and Northern American Regionalism

The development of regionalism is impacted by a region’s internal and external security environment.European Regionalism was rooted in and positively expanded as a result of both Europe’s internal and external security environments.As a result,rather than fading in the wake of the Cold War,European regionalism actually grew stronger.In comparison,the internal and external security environments in Northern America both served as a damper on the establishment and progress of its regionalism.As a result,regionalism within Northern America today is basically limited to regional economic configurations.Similar to the Northern America case,the internal and external security environment in East Asia has negatively impacted the development of regionalism.Unlike North America though,because of security competition within the East Asia region,awareness of a collective East Asian community,while increasing remains relatively weak.As a result,efforts to deepen East Asian regionalism are generally dampened by the region’s internal security challenges.At the same time,the development of East Asian regionalism also faces external challenges-security competition between the major powers in the region and global powers.