七千人大会前的共识与歧见——一九六一年北京会议、庐山会议若干议题述评

1961年五六月间的北京中央工作会议初步总结了"大跃进"以来的经验教训,刘少奇对粮食问题及"三分天灾,七分人祸"的分析,凸显了困难成因及农轻重比例失调的严重后果。八九月间的庐山中央工作会议确定了工业高指标坚决退够的政策。毛泽东认为形势从此"一天天向上"。但各地粮食短缺表明最困难时期还没有过去,不充分认识困难就不能正确制定调整任务的目标。由此,七千人大会进一步总结经验教训。

Consensus and Difference before the 7,000-Person Conference:A Review of Some Items in the Agenda of the CentralWorking Conferences Held in Beijing and Lushan

The working conference convened by the Central Committee of the CPC in Beijing in May and June 1961 had a preliminary summary of the experience and lessons since the "Great Leap Forward." At the conference Liu Shaoqi’s analysis of the grain problem and his judgment that the difficulties were caused mainly by man-made calamities brought into bold relief the grave consequences of the imbalance of agriculture, light industry and heavy industry. At the central working conference held in Lushan in August and September of the same year the policy was adopted to firmly cut back what should have been cut back with regard to the high industrial quotas. Mao Zedong’s view of the economic situation was that "We are going up day by day," but he admitted that the shortage of food across the country indicated that the most difficult time was not over yet and that the readjustment could not be successfully carried out without fully realizing the difficulties. Then the 7,000-person conference was convened to further sum up the experience and lessons.