关于保护海南耕地质量和现代农业建设的思考

集约化农业对保障中国粮食安全发挥了巨大的作用，但长期土地高强度利用和农用化学品过量投入的负面影响也日益显现，导致以土壤养分失衡、土壤酸化、有害物质积累、生物多样性衰退等为主要表现形式的土壤物理、化学和生物学退化，给生态系统本身与环境都带来了巨大压力和严重威胁。该文分析了海南的区位特征和农业自然资源特点，阐明了海南热带农业必须走坚持特色发展、优化产业布局、以市场为导向、产业化经营、依靠科技支撑和生态协调的现代化发展之路。

Thinking on the Conservation of Farmland Quality and Development of Agricultural Modernization in Hainan province

Agricultural intensification plays an important role in ensuring the food security in China, as incurs an increasing negative impact on the soil and eco- environment as a result of the long-term highly-intensive land use and agricultural chemical overuse leading to soil degradation, which is presented as soil nutrient imbalance, soil acidification, pollutant accumulation, and biodiversity deterioration and poses serious stress and threat to the e- cosystem and the environment. The regional features and agricultural resources of Hainan Province is analyzed in this paper, and the proposals are clarified that the tropical agricultural development of Hainan Province should take the modernization path of persisting in characteristic development, optimizing industrial distribution, keeping on market-oriented and industrialization management, depending on science and technology and ecological coordina- tion.