铁路公安的性质及体制改革研究

警察的建制直接反映出一个国家的治国方略和社会调控方式。铁路公安机关的体制是计划经济时代的产物 ,现在不仅不适应市场经济的发展 ,同时它的体制设计、权力分配、管理模式等 ,也已不能顺应法治国家的要求。铁路公安机关作为依国家法律设置并依法行使行政权力和刑事司法权力的部门 ,从性质上不同于铁路运输企业这个授权性行政主体的职权性行政主体 ,是国家行政机关。所以 ,从体制上 ,不应将其置于企业的领导之下 ,使权力的运作受权利的驱使 ,也使权利的行使因为有了权力的介入而变成特权。鉴于此 ,铁路公安机关应尽早纳入国家公务员序列 ,以理顺国家权力的运行机制。

A Study of the Nature and Structural Reform of the Railway Police

The structure of police can reflect how a government controls its country and regulates the society.Our structure of the railway police,which was produced under the planned economy,is now incompatible with the growth of the market-oriented economy and cannot meet the need of our country ruled by law.As a department performing the power of administration and the power of criminal justice,the railway police organ is of state administration,which is different by nature from the railway transport enterprise,the main part of authorized administrative body.Therefore,from the aspect of structure,it should not be put under the control of an enterprise to make the rights interfered by power,or even become privileges.The railway police organ should be brought into the rank of civil service as early as possible so that the operating mechanisms of the state power can be regulated.