行政赔偿先行处理程序研究——以美国先行处理程序为借镜

就本质而言,先行赔偿程序属于民事交易程序而非行政程序。赔偿义务机关可以自由选择合适的程序来与赔偿请求人协商,而无需遵循正当法律程序原则,也无需司法化。但为了实现先行处理制度的功能,先行处理程序又具有一定程度的规范性。我国的先行处理程序在某些方面缺乏应有的规范性,致使先行处理的效率功能难以实现;在某些方面则因过度规范化而缺乏可协商性,因此需要从这些方面加以改进。

Study on the Priority Procedure of Administrative Compensation

Essentially,the priority procedure of administrative compensation is a civil transaction procedure rather than an administrative procedure,which does not need to follow the principle of due process and the form of judicial procedure.The organ for compensatory obligation can choose proper procedures freely to negotiate with the claimant.However,in order to realize its functions ,the priority procedure of administrative compensation is normative to a certain degree.On one hand,some aspects of our priority procedure are lack of normalization,so that the function of efficiency can not be realized;on the other hand,some aspects of the procedure are too normative that there is no room for negotiation.Therefore,the priority procedure should be improved in these aspects.