“打通国际路线”方针对党和红军的重大影响

德日法西斯崛起,始于20世纪30年代。苏联在全力应对希特勒德国的同时,又力图避免与日本发生战争,制定了通过开辟陆路交通线,从物质上援助中共及其领导下的红军,达到制约日本、保全自己的战略,"打通国际路线"就是落实这一战略的重要方针。"打通国际路线"既是苏联的需求,也是中共的需求。中共中央及红军在长征后期和长征结束后积极实施这一方针,对中央决策和红军的军事行动产生了重大而深远的影响。为了打通国际路线,取得苏联援助,中共及红军付出了极大的代价。但是,由于国内外局势的变化,特别是苏联与共产国际的原因,中共及红军始终未能实现这一战略目标,其中的经验教训值得我们总结借鉴。

The Great Impact of the Decision "to Open Up the International Route" on the CPC and the Red Army

Fascist Germany and Japan started to rise quickly in the 1930s.While concentrating its forces to cope with Germany under the rule of Hitler,the Soviet Union tried to avoid war with Japan.It therefore developed the strategy to open up a communication line on the land and give material aid through this line to the CPC and the Red Army under its leadership so that Japan would be restrained and the Soviet Union would be saved.Opening up the international route was one of the important measures to implement this strategy.It was not only in the interests of the Soviet Union but also was just what the CPC hoped for.The CPC Central Committee and the Red Army tried their best to implement this principle in the later stage of and after the Long March,which had great impact on the decision making of the CPC Central Committee and the military operations of the Red Army.In order to open up the international route and get aid from the Soviet Union,the Chinese Communists and Red Army paid a very high price.However,due to changes in the domestic and international situation,especially because of factors on the part of the Soviet Union and the Communist International,the CPC and the Red Army failed to achieve this strategic goal.We should conscientiously draw on the lessons.