The other breadwinners: The mobilization of secondary wage earners in early twentieth-century black families |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, M5B 2K3 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Offord Centre for Child Studies, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, M5T 1R8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;4. Psychiatric Neurogenetics Section, Center for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, M5T 1R8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;5. Department of Neurology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, M4N 3M5 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;6. Cosumnes River College, 8401 Center Parkway, Sacramento, CA 95823-5704, USA |
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| Abstract: | This study examines black families' reliance on secondary wage earners in Atlanta, GA during the early twentieth century (1900 and 1936). In periods of economic prosperity and decline, two-parent black families routinely relied on the employment of mothers, children, and extended kin to supplement the family income. These other breadwinners had different positions within the black family economy, and families' reliance on them was affected by diverse, albeit complementary factors. The employment of mothers and children was affected by economic need and the demands associated with the family life cycle. The presence of working relatives in extended family households was affected by the age of relatives, household size, and, to a limited degree, the ages of the host families' children. |
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