日本护理机器人“产学官”协同创新实践模式——以PALRO护理机器人为例

目前中国社会正在面临人口老龄化和护理人员匮乏的问题。为了应对“老龄化中国”,国家层面近年出台了相关政策,助推服务机器人在护理领域中的研发和应用。基于日本“产学官”协同创新理论,构建“产学官”协同创新模型,探讨日本富士软件生产的PALRO护理机器人的创新实践。研究结果显示:(1)在知识的创造方面:NEDO为智能模块的研发打造了一个开放式创新平台,通过“产学官”协同创新整合了分散在“产”“学”“官”各领域的相关创新资源。(2)在知识的共享和转移方面:NEDO首先选择具有基础性、通用性的智能模块作为共同研究对象;其次,确定和保障了各智能模块的功能及标准的制定;最后,致力于标准化智能模块的应用和推广。(3)在基于知识的创业方面:将PALRO机器人打造成科研、商用、家庭机器人三个系列以及新产品Palmi机器人的开发是富士软件在移动功能模块和交流功能模块技术的基础上所采取的主要创业形式。以此为基础,可以从“知识的创造”“知识的共享和转移”“基于知识的创业”三个维度,对中国护理机器人产业的发展提出政策建议。

A Study on the Practical Model of“Industry-Government-University”Cooperative Innovation of Japan's Nursing Robots——Taking the Nursing Robot PALRO as an Example

Our society is facing the problems of population aging and nursing staff shortage at present.In order to save the“Aging China”,many policies have been promulgated in recent years to promote the research,development,and application of service robots in the field of nursing.Based on the theory of Japan's“Industry-government-university”Collaborative Innovation,the research investigates the innovative practices of FUJISOFT Corporation's nursing robot PALRO by constructing the model of“industry-government-university”cooperative innovation.The results show:(1)In the aspect of knowledge creation,NEDO creates PALRO's intelligent modules by constructing an Open Innovation Platform.This platform integrates the related innovation resources in industries,governments,and universities.(2)In the aspect of knowledge sharing and transferring,NEDO first chooses the basic and universal intelligent modules as the joint research object.Secondly,the functions and standards of each intelligent module are determined and guaranteed.Finally,it aims at the application and promotion of standardized intelligent modules.(3)In the aspect of knowledge-based entrepreneurship,developing PALRO robot into three series of scientific research,commercial and domestic robot and developing new Palmi robot are the main forms of entrepreneurship adopted by FUJISOFT Corporation on the basis of mobile function module and communication function module technology.On this basis,this research proposes policies and suggestions for the development of China's nursing robot industry from the three dimensions of“knowledge creation”,“knowledge sharing and transferring”,and“knowledge-based entrepreneurship”.