精神权利保护的一种法哲学解释

精神权利最初源于个人主义和浪漫主义对尊重个人创作和个性的要求。德国的先验唯心主义和法国的天赋人权学说从人的主观权利和自然权利的角度论证了这种要求的正当性,并进而涉及到人的主观权利和作者人格的联系。19世纪这种联系扩展到作者和作品之间的一般联系,并被确认为作者身份所因有的最高人格权。但在精神权利制度化的生长过程中,20世纪30年代以降,受实用主义哲学的影响,精神权利呈现弱化和软化处理的趋向,具有一种从纯粹的自然权利蜕化为某种制度安排工具的倾向。从权利制度化的角度看,这种趋向是对市民社会发展变迁的理性反应,对解决版权交易市场中经济权利和精神权利存在的紧张关系具有积极意义。

Legal Philosophical Explanation on the Protection of Moral Rights

Moral rights originally stemmed from individualism and romanticism s respect for individual creation and personality justified by transcendental idealisms in Germany and the theory of natural rights in France. Moral rights are based on the link between author and his work, and such link theory makes moral rights intrinsically supreme personality rights. But under the influence of pragmatism, moral rights tends to be regarded as a tool of institutional arrangement in contrary with as pure natural rights. We should positively recognize the fact that the inten-eration and limitation of moral right can be beneficial to mitigate the tension between economic rights and moral rights in the copyright transaction market.