鲤鱼亚急性铜中毒的病理组织学观察

以水中铜离子浓度0.03、0.05、0.10、0.18和0.32 mg/L分别对鲤鱼进行为期5周的亚急性毒性试验,研究了鲤鱼铜中毒后的临床症状、解剖学变化和病理组织学变化。结果表明,Ⅰ～Ⅴ组鱼的发病率分别为5.0%、17.5%、25.0%、32.5%和52.5%,死亡率分别为0、2.5%、5.0%、10.0%和15.0%。中毒鱼的体表和鳃黏液增多,体色变黑,生长受到明显抑制,临死前出现神经症状;肝细胞和肾小管上皮细胞空泡变性、坏死,肠黏膜层坏死,鳃小片上皮增生、变性、坏死,心肌纤维空泡变性,胰腺凝固性坏死或溶解性坏死,脑膜水肿,神经细胞变性、坏死。证实肝、肾、肠和鳃是铜中毒损害的主要靶器官。

Histopathological observation of Cyprinus carpio poisoned subacutely with copper

In order to study the clinical symptoms,anatomy and histopathological changes of Cyprinus carpio poisoned subacutely with copper,a poisoning test of subacute copper was conducted at concentrations 0.03,0.05,0.10,0.18 and 0.32 mg/L,respectively.The morbidities of 5 treatment groups were 5.0%,17.5%,25.0%,32.5% and 52.5% and the mortalities were 0,2.5%,5.0%,10.0% and 15.0%,respectively.The mucus of body surface and gill increased,the colour darkened,and the growth was inhibited obviously in the poisoned fishes,and nervous sign occurred before the poisoned fishes died.There were hyperplasia,degeneration,necrosis in the gill lamella epithelia vacuolar degeneration in cardiac muscle fibre,vacuolar degeneration and lytic necrosis in liver cells and renal tubular epithelial cells,coagulated necrosis or lytic necrosis in the glandular cells,necrosis in the intestinal epithelium cells,edema,hyperemia and hemorrhage in the brains and degeneration,necrosis in neurocytes of the subacute cases.These results indicated that the organ of liver,kidney,intestine and gill were severely damaged in the poisoned fished with copper.