美国公共新闻:一场关于媒介角色转换的试验

"公共新闻"是20世纪90年代美国兴起的一场浩大的新闻改革运动.依赖外来资金支持,以地方中小型媒介为主、新闻作业方式多样和高成本是美国公共新闻实践的三项特征.围绕公共新闻的论争焦点包括公共新闻是否违反了客观性原则、媒介是否要倾听民声、媒介间合作是否会导致新闻同质化及"社区导向"与"自由主义"的冲突等四方面.分析显示,在服务社区与社会这一点上论争各方是一致的,区别只是手段和程度之分.美国公共新闻实质是一场媒介为重获公众支持而进行的角色转换试验.

Public Journalism in America: an Experiment on Shift of Media Role

1990S sees fierce journalism reform of Public Journalism in America. Committed by regional small - middle media, it relies on financial support outside and cost excessively. Main debate points on it include four aspects, whether it violates the objective principal of report, whether the media should listen to voice of common public, whether cooperation among media results in same story. Also there is difference between communitarians and individualists. Analysis shows that every campus can sees common grounds among them to serve for his community and the whole society. Real difference just lies in method and quality. In fact, practice of Public Joumalism in America is just an experiment of media to shift its social role to gain public support again.