再疑“宪法司法化”——由“齐玉苓案件”引发的思考

本文通过对“齐玉苓案件”的分析对一些学者在讨论该案时所采取的“宪法司法化”的思路提出质疑,首先,宪法司法化指称的对象并不准确,宪法条文中可以“司法化”的仅仅局限在公民的基本权利部分;其次,宪法司法化是一个生造的概念,它既包含了违宪审查的味道,还有宪法诉愿的痕迹。从“齐玉苓案件”的本身性质来看,其中所涉及的真正问题是宪法中的基本权利条款是否可以对私人间侵犯基本权利的行为提供救济,以及如何提供救济。最高人民法院在“齐玉苓案件”中所采用的直接适用宪法条文的办法是不足取的,德国学者提出的基本权利间接适用的学说值得我们借鉴。

Re- discussing the "Constitution Being Characteristic of Judicature"--An explorative approach to "Qi Yu- ling case"

The thesis deals with some observations brought forth by some scholars about making constitution being characteristic of judicature when they discuss and analyze the case of Qi Yu - ling in the following aspects: In the first place, the proposition "making constitution being characteristic of judicature" indicates the wrong target. What the stipulations conceive in the constitution is in effect only referring to the fundamental rights possessed by citizens. In the second place, the term "making constitution being characteristic of judicature" subjectively invented by some scholars, it seems to imply inspecting and petitioning to the constitution to some extent. Reviewing the nature of "Qi Yu - ling case" what really involves is whether the fundamental articles out of the constitution can provide remedial means for the impinged elemental private rights occurred between parties concerned or how to provide remedial relief.