WTO框架下文化产品贸易自由化与文化多样性的冲突与协调——以中美出版物与视听产品案为背景

文化产品具有文化和商业的双重属性。如何实现文化贸易的公平发展以确保文化多样性,就成为WTO自由贸易体制发展中的一个重要问题。WTO对文化产品特殊性制度安排的缺失,使得包括中国在内的WTO成员的文化政策面临挑战。UNESCO推动制定的《文化多样性公约》赋予各缔约国在本国文化表现形式多样性受到严重损害或威胁时采取保护措施的权利,为文化多样性的保护提供了国际法的基础。然而《文化多样性公约》所授权各国采取的措施却可能与WTO法发生冲突,这种冲突既反映了文化产品贸易自由化和文化多样性保护之间的冲突,也反映了不同国际规则之间的冲突。

Conflict and Coordination of Freedom of Trade and Cultural Diversity under WTO

Cultural Products reflect nature of both culture and commerce.It is an important issue under WTO system to realize the balance between free trade and cultural diversity.The lack of special rules on cultural products brings challenge to WTO member states,including China.The CCD Convention promoted by UNESCO endows its signatories to take specific measures when their domestic cultural diversity is seriously threatened or injured.However,the rights to take specific measures may conflict with WTO rules,that ref...