作为侵权法正当性基础的结果责任——以英美侵权法理论的发展为背景

进入二十世纪以后,随着社会保障体系和第三者责任保险的出现,以及无过错责任的日益壮大,传统侵权法面临前所未有的"危机",这也成为英美侵权法理论无法回避的问题。作为侵权法基础的结果责任的正当性问题由此被提出,而对其加以证明则有两种途径:一是通过对经济分析理论和矫正正义理论进行比较研究,为侵权法中的结果责任寻找适当的理论基础;二是通过对社会化保障体系的具体分析,从社会实践的角度为结果责任的正当性提供证明。通过对新西兰社会实践失败的原因进行分析,侵权法保障自由与正义实现的功能在理论层面获得肯定。

Result Liability as the Justification Basis of Tort:In the Developing Fabric of Anglo-American Tort Theory

Since the 20th century,the traditional tort law faces with unprecedented crisis with the arising of social security system,insurance of the third party's liability,and no-fault liability. Thus,Anglo-American tort theories face with severe problem. The justification of result liability as the basis of tort law could have two approaches:one is to find proper theoretical basis through economic analysis and corrective justice,the other is prove its justification in the perspective of social practice analyzing s...