两类青少年暴力犯的共情差异

探讨两类青少年暴力犯在共性上的差异，为青少年犯的分类矫治提供心理学的依据。研究方法：采用冲动性／预谋性攻击量表和人际反应性指标（台湾修订版）对北京少管所的360名青少年暴力犯进行问卷调查并作统计分析。结果：对青少年暴力犯的分类是有效的；工具性青少年暴力犯在同情关怀上的得分显著低于反应性青少年暴力犯，在身心隐忧上的得分显著高于反应性暴力犯；青少年暴力犯的攻击行为与观点采择、同情关怀呈负相关，与身心隐忧呈正相关。结论：两类青少年暴力犯在共情上存在显著差异，在分类矫治中应区别对待。

The Differences between Two Types of Adolescent Violent Offenders in Empathy

Objective: To investigate the differences between reactive and instrumental adolescent violent offenders in empathy,and to provide a psychological basis for classification and correction in adolescent offenders.Methods: By using the impulsive / premeditated aggression scale and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index(Taiwan revised edition),a questionnaire survey was conducted among 307 adolescent violent offenders from Beijing reformatory and the data was analyzed by SPSS statistics 17.0.Results: the classification is effective;the scores of empathic concern was significantly lower in instrumental offenders than in reactive ones(p < 0.01),and the scores of personal distress was significantly higher in instrumental offenders than in reactive ones(p < 0.05);aggressive behaviors of adolescent violent offenders were negatively correlated with perspective-taking and empathic concern(p < 0.05),and positively correlated with personal distress(p < 0.01).All these correlations were significant.Conclusion: There were significant differences between the two types of adolescent violent offenders and they should be treated differently in classification and correction.