论侵权损害赔偿责任中的因果关系与过错——一种关系论的考察

传统观点认为侵权损害赔偿责任中的因果关系和过错分别属于客观与主观的范畴,是截然对立的两个要件。实际上,这两个要件都是法官解释法律的产物,存在着相互交叉与重叠的关系。在某些情况下,因果关系的认定就是对过错的考察,而在认定过错时也要考虑因果关系,二者不能分开,相当因果关系理论就是其例证。因此,将过错作为界定因果关系的手段将会使民事归责更加公正合理。

Causation and Fault in Tort Compensation——On the Relationship between the Two Concepts

The traditional standpoint holds that in tort compensatory responsibility causation and fault respectively belong to objective and subjective categories and are two diametrically opposed elements.In fact,both elements are results of judicial interpretation of law,and there exists the overlapping relationship.In some cases,interpreting causation is equal to examining fault and vice versa amd they can't be separated.Equivalent causation is such an example.Therefore,using fault as device of delimiting causation will enable civil liability to be more just and reasonable.