清末民初关于设立行政裁判所的争议

本文集中梳理了清末民初围绕设立行政裁判所所引起的长期争议:在晚清主要集中于传统的都察院与新式的行政审判院之关系,民初则主要围绕是选择参照西方的一元制还是二元制来建立我国的行政审判模式这个问题展开的。权力分立观念是行政诉讼之前提,行政诉讼则处于司法和行政两种权力边界之上,判定其性质究竟是以司法权为主还是以行政权为主的问题实际上才是争议存在的真正原因,也是近代中国选择行政法院设计模式的主要思想因素。

The Controversy About Establishing the Administrative Tribunal in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Earlier Republic of China

This thesis examines the long-standing controversy about establishing what kind of administrative tribunal in the late Qing dynasty and the earlier Republic of China. In the late Qing dynasty, the controversy mainly centers on the relations between the traditional Duchayuan (a central supervision office) and the new-styled administrative tribunal. While in the earlier Republic, the controversy changes toward whether the administrative tribunal should be built up in reference to the western unitary system or the dualistic system. The doctrine of separation of powers is the precondition of administrative proceedings. Administrative proceedings are just between the judicial and executive powers. In fact, whether they are dominated by the judicial power or the executive power is the essence of the controversy and also the dominant element for the choice of a right mode for the administrative tribunal in modern China.