论《刑法修正案（八）》中的人体器官犯罪

在《刑法修正案（八）》颁布之前,对非法买卖人体器官行为以非法经营罪加以认定,可以说是在法律未对非法买卖人体器官犯罪加以明确规定的情况下司法机关所采取的权宜之计。《刑法修正案（八）》对人体器官犯罪的规制,有助于从根本上惩治人体器官犯罪,强化刑法对民生的保护。《刑法修正案（八）》第37条所规定的人体器官犯罪涵盖了组织出卖人体器官罪、故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪和盗窃、侮辱尸体罪等四种犯罪。作为人体器官犯罪的对象,人体器官既包括活体器官,也涵盖尸体器官,但不包括同属人体材料的人体组织和人体细胞。在＂摘取未满18周岁的人的器官＂的场合,只有在行为人明知被害人未满18周岁的情况下才能认定故意的成立。《刑法修正案（八）》未将单位规定为人体器官犯罪的主体,且在对精神病人人体器官的特殊保护方面处于缺位状态,这实属立法缺憾。

On Crimes Related to Human Organs in Amendment VIII to the Criminal Law

Before Amendment VIII to the Criminal Law was promulgated,the act of buying and selling human organs illegally was determined as crime of illegal business operations,which was a short-term expedient for judicial authorities since there were no explicit stipulations about crimes concerning illegally buying and selling human organs in the law.Regulations concerning crimes related to human organs in Amendment VIII to the Criminal Law help to punish such crimes fundamentally and thus reinforce the protection of...