刑事技术、刑事技术鉴定与司法鉴定关系之考量

刑事技术、刑事技术鉴定与司法鉴定作为科学技术发展到一定程度和阶段的产物,因其自身技术手段应用的结果被理论与实践模糊与混用而衍生弊害,影响了"侦查的科学化"、制约了"审判的科学化",甚至阻碍了司法鉴定制度改革的深化。对其模糊而混用的成因与流变进行追溯、考察发现,对它们在技术涉及的范围、可靠程度及其结果的功能上的差距,应当予以区分。在深化司法鉴定制度改革过程中,除应对刑事技术、刑事技术鉴定与司法鉴定在理论上作出初步界分外,还需要建立司法鉴定技术准入制度及淘汰制度、刑事技术鉴定向司法鉴定的转化机制以与之调适。

The Relationship of Forensic Science,Criminal Identification and Judicial Expertise

Forensics,criminal identification and judicial expertise,the products of the advancement of science and technology to a certain extent and stage,if confused or obscured at their technical spectrum,may yield reverse effects upon "scientific investigation" and"scientific adjudication," or even hinder further reform of the judicial expertise institution.A minute inquiry into the causation of the obscurity and mixture and the dynamic process indicates that the disparity in respective of their scientific scope,degree of reliability and outcome should be spotted.While furthering the reform of the judicial expertise institution,we should,apart from demarking forensic science,criminal identification and judicial expertise in logic,establish an access as well as an elimination regime of judicial expertise and care for normalization of the transformation of criminal identification to judicial expertise.