犯罪未遂中的意志因素辨析

犯罪人在犯罪过程中的意志因素可以分为“犯罪本意”和“非犯罪本意的意志”。犯罪人着手实施犯罪后,由于犯罪本意以外的原因使犯罪过程停止下来,则构成犯罪未遂。在犯罪本意没有改变的情况下,当犯罪人的非犯罪本意的意志出现后,也可以使犯罪过程停止下来,但这仍然构成犯罪未遂,而不是构成犯罪中止。由于“非犯罪本意的意志”也属于意志因素,所以犯罪人着手实施犯罪后,导致犯罪未遂的原因既有意志以外的原因也有意志以内的原因。对我国刑法23条中的“意志以外的原因”应做狭义的理解,即它应当是指“犯罪本意以外的原因”。

Discrimination and Analysis on the Volitional Elements in the Abortive Crime Committing

The volitional elements in the process of the criminals could be divided into "intentionally crime volition" and "unintentionally crime volition".The unintentionally termination,which was caused not by the criminal's volition when the criminals ane carrying out the crime,will form the Abortion of Crime.On the condition of original intention of the criminal was unconverted,the emergence of the criminal's unintentionally volition may also stop the crime commitment procedure.However,this also has formed the Abortion of Crime rather than Discontinuance of Crime.Because the "unintentionally crime volition" is part of the volitional elements,the causes which make the crime stopped when the criminals are carrying out the crime should include causes outside the criminal's volition and that of inside the criminal's volition.The interpreting of "outside the criminal's volition" in the Criminal Law No.23 of China should be in a narrower way,that is,the "causes outside the criminal's original intention or volition".