建构中国的警察比例原则

作为国家权力之重要组成部分,警察权的法治化运作乃公民基本权利之最有力保障,然而公民基本权利也面临来自警察权滥用的威胁。被誉为西方国家公法领域之“帝王条款”的比例原则起源于德国警察法,蕴涵着丰富的控权思想,对警察权的运作具有极强的监督与控制功能,并为实现行政目的与保障人权之间的平衡和防止警察自由裁量权的滥用提供了可操作的标准。因此,为保障人权,弘扬法治,应尽快确立我国的警察比例原则,从而实现对警察权的有效规制。

On the Construction of Principle of Police Proportionality in China

Guaranteeing human rights depends mainly on legal operation of police power that is the vital portion of state power.Meanwhile,abuse of police power is the most threat to human rights.The principle of proportionality,which is well known as "the principle of crown" of public laws in western countries,originates in German police law.The principle of proportionality,with the abundant theories of controlling powers,has the function of supervising and controlling the operation of police power,and offers an operational criterion for the balance of realizing administrative objective and guaranteeing human rights and the prevention of the abuse of police discretion power.Therefore,in order to guarantee human rights and establish the rule of law,we shall introduce the principle of police proportionality in China so as to effectively control the police power.