中国古代身份信息管理初探

中国历代王朝都建立了户籍管理制度。在户籍登记中包含了身份信息的内容,如姓名、住址、相貌、职业等。统治者通过定期的登记与核实、严密的社区基层组织的管理、严厉的惩罚制度来保证登记信息的真实准确。古代社会借助官府的户籍登记信息、基层组织管理者、连坐制相纠相察,实现对人口的验证、查询。但古代静态的人口管理模式无法应对人口流动的社会趋势,身份信息管理常有失灵状况。

A Tentative Study on the Administration of Identity Information in Ancient China

Household registration system was established in each dynasty in ancient China.Household registration includes the information of identity such as: the name,address,appearance,occupation,etc..The rulers guaranteed that the registered information was correct through regular registration and check,strict community management and severe punishment.The information of the population was verified and inquired by means of official household registration,management by organizations at the basic level and joint responsibility in supervision.Yet this kind of static pattern of population management could no longer meet the demands of migrant population and brought about ineffective identity information management.