民事诉权论纲

诉权是当事人因民事实体权利义务关系发生争议或者处于不正常的状态 ,从而请求法院予以裁判解决的权利。诉权与诉讼标的是联系非常紧密的一对概念 ,诉权学说与诉讼标的学说更是迈着同样的理论发展脚步 ;诉权学说经历了从私法诉权说到公法诉权说 ,再到诉权否认说的三个阶段 ,实际上每一种诉权学说都存在着明显的缺陷 ,一种完美的诉权学说至今仍然没有出现 ,但是公法诉权说的一些观点已经成为世界大陆法系主要国家的通说 ;诉权必须具备程序上和实体上的要件 ,否则诉权便不能正常行使和切实实现。

The Object of Civil Action and Right of Civil Action

Right of action is a right a party has to request a trial court resolve a substantive civil right that is in dispute or under irregular conditions. The author holds that right of action and object of action is a pair of concepts closely related. The theory of right of action and the theory of object of action follow the same route of development. The theory of right of action has experienced the theory of civil law right of action, the theory of public law right of action and the theory of denying right of action. Each theory has obvious defect and none of the theory is perfect. But some ideas of the theory of public law right of action have become the general theory in principal continental law countries. Right of action must fulfill its procedural and substantive elements, or else it will not be properly exercised and be fully realized.