行政裁量基准:理论、实践与出路

近几年来制定行政裁量基准风行于各级各类行政机关。裁量基准无论是作为一种行政立法的范式，还是作为一种行政执法的实践，抑或是作为行政法学的研究对象，愈益呈现出盛况空前之势。为了规范行政裁量基准，最近，国务院法制办下发了《关于规范行政裁量权的指导意见》征求意见稿，对裁量基准的制定主体及其法律效力等问题提出了初步意见。笔者认为，为了使该制度趋于完善，学界不可一味推波助澜，而应当冷静思考，探讨该制度的完善之道。理论界与实践部门应当携起手来，趁国务院法制办征求意见之际，对是否要制定裁量基准、裁量基准的性质如何等理论性问题进行深入的思考。同时，对裁量基准的制定主体、如何制定裁量基准、裁量基准的法律效力及其有效实施等实践性问题作出具体的回答。

Administrative Discretion standard: Theory, Practice and Way Out

Recently making administrative discretion standard has come into its own among different rank and class of administrative agencies. Administrative discretion standard, not only as a paradigm of administrative legislation, but also a practice of administrative law enforcement, even as an object of studying in administra-tive law, shows itself more and more unprecedented. For legislating the system, Legislative Affairs Office of the Sate Council P.R.C dispatched a consulting draft named Guideline of Legislati...